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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "vmsish 3"
.TH vmsish 3 "2018-06-27" "perl v5.30.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
vmsish \- Perl pragma to control VMS\-specific language features
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\& use vmsish;
\&
\& use vmsish \*(Aqstatus\*(Aq; # or \*(Aq$?\*(Aq
\& use vmsish \*(Aqexit\*(Aq;
\& use vmsish \*(Aqtime\*(Aq;
\&
\& use vmsish \*(Aqhushed\*(Aq;
\& no vmsish \*(Aqhushed\*(Aq;
\& vmsish::hushed($hush);
\&
\& use vmsish;
\& no vmsish \*(Aqtime\*(Aq;
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
If no import list is supplied, all possible VMS-specific features are
assumed. Currently, there are four VMS-specific features available:
\&'status' (a.k.a '$?'), 'exit', 'time' and 'hushed'.
.PP
If you're not running \s-1VMS,\s0 this module does nothing.
.ie n .IP """vmsish status""" 6
.el .IP "\f(CWvmsish status\fR" 6
.IX Item "vmsish status"
This makes \f(CW$?\fR and \f(CW\*(C`system\*(C'\fR return the native \s-1VMS\s0 exit status
instead of emulating the \s-1POSIX\s0 exit status.
.ie n .IP """vmsish exit""" 6
.el .IP "\f(CWvmsish exit\fR" 6
.IX Item "vmsish exit"
This makes \f(CW\*(C`exit 1\*(C'\fR produce a successful exit (with status \s-1SS$_NORMAL\s0),
instead of emulating \s-1UNIX\s0 \fBexit()\fR, which considers \f(CW\*(C`exit 1\*(C'\fR to indicate
an error. As with the \s-1CRTL\s0's \fBexit()\fR function, \f(CW\*(C`exit 0\*(C'\fR is also mapped
to an exit status of \s-1SS$_NORMAL,\s0 and any other argument to \fBexit()\fR is
used directly as Perl's exit status.
.ie n .IP """vmsish time""" 6
.el .IP "\f(CWvmsish time\fR" 6
.IX Item "vmsish time"
This makes all times relative to the local time zone, instead of the
default of Universal Time (a.k.a Greenwich Mean Time, or \s-1GMT\s0).
.ie n .IP """vmsish hushed""" 6
.el .IP "\f(CWvmsish hushed\fR" 6
.IX Item "vmsish hushed"
This suppresses printing of \s-1VMS\s0 status messages to \s-1SYS$OUTPUT\s0 and
\&\s-1SYS$ERROR\s0 if Perl terminates with an error status, and allows
programs that are expecting \*(L"unix-style\*(R" Perl to avoid having to parse
\&\s-1VMS\s0 error messages. It does not suppress any messages from Perl
itself, just the messages generated by \s-1DCL\s0 after Perl exits. The \s-1DCL\s0
symbol \f(CW$STATUS\fR will still have the termination status, but with a
high-order bit set:
.Sp
\&\s-1EXAMPLE:\s0
$ perl \-e\*(L"exit 44;\*(R" Non-hushed error exit
\f(CW%SYSTEM\fR\-F\-ABORT, abort \s-1DCL\s0 message
$ show sym \f(CW$STATUS\fR
\f(CW$STATUS\fR == \*(L"%X0000002C\*(R"
.Sp
.Vb 3
\& $ perl \-e"use vmsish qw(hushed); exit 44;" Hushed error exit
\& $ show sym $STATUS
\& $STATUS == "%X1000002C"
.Ve
.Sp
The 'hushed' flag has a global scope during compilation: the \fBexit()\fR or
\&\fBdie()\fR commands that are compiled after 'vmsish hushed' will be hushed
when they are executed. Doing a \*(L"no vmsish 'hushed'\*(R" turns off the
hushed flag.
.Sp
The status of the hushed flag also affects output of \s-1VMS\s0 error
messages from compilation errors. Again, you still get the Perl
error message (and the code in \f(CW$STATUS\fR)
.Sp
\&\s-1EXAMPLE:\s0
use vmsish 'hushed'; # turn on hushed flag
use Carp; # Carp compiled hushed
exit 44; # will be hushed
croak('I die'); # will be hushed
no vmsish 'hushed'; # turn off hushed flag
exit 44; # will not be hushed
croak('I die2'): # \s-1WILL\s0 be hushed, croak was compiled hushed
.Sp
You can also control the 'hushed' flag at run-time, using the built-in
routine \fBvmsish::hushed()\fR. Without argument, it returns the hushed status.
Since vmsish::hushed is built-in, you do not need to \*(L"use vmsish\*(R" to call
it.
.Sp
\&\s-1EXAMPLE:\s0
if ($quiet_exit) {
\fBvmsish::hushed\fR\|(1);
}
print \*(L"Sssshhhh...I'm hushed...\en\*(R" if \fBvmsish::hushed()\fR;
exit 44;
.Sp
Note that an \fBexit()\fR or \fBdie()\fR that is compiled 'hushed' because of \*(L"use
vmsish\*(R" is not un-hushed by calling \fBvmsish::hushed\fR\|(0) at runtime.
.Sp
The messages from error exits from inside the Perl core are generally
more serious, and are not suppressed.
.PP
See \*(L"Perl Modules\*(R" in perlmod.